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原文链接: https://www.brookstradingcourse.com/ask-al/scalps-versus-swings-for-beginner-traders/ 生成时间: 2026-09-04 14:51
BPA trading room Q&A: September 18, 2015
BPA交易室问答：2015年9月18日
Al was asked why he takes so many scalps, and few swings. Yet for beginner traders he absolutely recommends looking for swing trades. Here’s why.
有人问 Al 为什么他做这么多短线交易，却很少做波段。然而，对于新手交易者，他绝对建议寻找波段交易机会。原因如下。
Video duration: 9min 3sec
视频时长：9分3秒
You can view this video on Al’s YouTube Channel if needed.
如有需要，您可以在 Al 的 YouTube 频道观看此视频。
Video transcript
视频文字稿
Beginner traders should look for swings
新手交易者应该寻找波段机会。
Q: Okay, today you say you have a high winning percentage, you have to take many scalp trades and only one-to-two swing trades. But in some of your videos you say it’s better to take swing trades than scalps.
Q：好的，你今天说你的胜率很高，你需要做很多短线交易，而波段交易只做一到两次。但在你的一些视频中，你说做波段交易比短线交易更好。
It’s absolutely better to take swing trades than scalps when you’re starting out, okay? Most traders who’ve been doing this a long time prefer swing trades. I prefer swing trades, but really good swing trades don’t come as often as scalps. I see scalps on every bar. To me, it’s like a little man holding on a bag with gold coins in it. Do I tell him, “Nah, go away” or do I say, “Okay, I’ll take it.” For me, I take it.
当你刚开始交易时，做波段交易绝对比剥头皮更好，明白吗？大多数有经验的交易者都更喜欢波段交易。我也更喜欢波段交易，但真正好的波段交易机会并没有像剥头皮那样频繁出现。我在每一根K线上都能看到剥头皮的机会。对我来说，这就像一个小伙子拿着一袋金币，我会对他说“不，走开”吗？还是说“好吧，我接受”？对我来说，我会接受。
So I do like the swing trade, but most of the time most of the bars do not have really good swing trade set-ups, so I scalp. But for a trader starting out, they are going to lose money if they focus on scalps. Because of the risk-reward situation, and to do it well, in general, you usually have to scale in, and it’s really hard to make the decisions fast enough. And you make it much more complicated by scaling in and scaling out — you take out, go out in pieces, and it’s really hard to get everything right. And if you don’t do it right, it’s a sure way to lose money really fast.
我确实喜欢波段交易，但大多数时候，大多数K线并没有很好的波段交易机会，所以我做短线。但对于刚入门的交易者来说，如果他们专注于短线，就会亏钱。因为风险回报比的问题，要做好短线，通常需要分批建仓，而做出快速决策非常困难。分批进场和分批出场会让事情变得更加复杂——你分批出场，分批进场，很难把所有事情都做对。如果你做不好，那就是快速亏钱的必由之路。
So that means, I think, I believe that most people starting out — if they’re not consistently profitable — should not be doing that. They should just be swing trading, maybe take an occasional “Buy The Close, Sell The Close” bar, which is actually a pretty good way to trade, but they should be sticking to swing trades. However, what you’ll discover is once you become profitable — I’ve heard from many traders over the years say this — “Al, what do I do? I’ve been swing trading, but I’m finding… let’s say I buy and I know the market’s going to pull back for a few bars because I’ve been trading long enough now to know it’s going to pull back for a few bars, do I get out and buy again three points lower? Or do I hold? Or in fact, I see a minor sell setup, a minor reversal sell. Do I take the sell and then buy again later?”
所以我认为，这意味着大多数刚入门的交易者——如果他们不能持续盈利——就不应该这样做。他们应该只做波段交易，偶尔可以做一做“买收盘价，卖收盘价”的K线，这实际上是一种很好的交易方式，但他们应该坚持波段交易。然而，你会发现，一旦你开始盈利——我这些年听过很多交易者说过——“Al，我该怎么办？我一直在做波段交易，但我发现……比如我买入，我知道市场会在几根K线后回撤，因为我交易的时间足够长，知道它会回撤几根K线，我应该出场然后在低三点的位置再买入吗？还是应该持有？或者，事实上，我看到一个小的卖出信号，一个小的反转卖出信号。我应该先卖出，然后再买入吗？”
Experience can lead naturally to more scalping
经验自然会让你做更多的短线交易。
So what happens is as traders get experience, they start to realize that they can manage their swing trades differently, and start incorporating scalps . And as time goes one what they decide is, “I want to trade all day long.” There are not swing trades all day long. A lot of times during the day, you get two hours of this, and yes, you could say, “Well, we’re still in a swing short from here, stop above here,” or you can say, “I’m just going to sell above that, buy below that, sell above this, sell more, buy below this, buy below that, buy below that.” You just keep scalping, and scaling in, and trading all through that mess instead of just saying, “Hey, I shorted 34 close. I put a stop up here, and I get out over here — you know what I mean, three or four points.” Both are acceptable ways to trade, but, I see something to do on just about every bar. So my choice is to just stay with the swing trade or to keep doing things all day long, and to be honest, I probably would make as much if I just took a few swing trades and just held. But I like to feel more active, and personally I prefer a much higher winning percentage–and I do not like big drawdowns.
所以，随着交易者经验的积累，他们开始意识到可以以不同的方式管理波段交易，并开始加入短线交易。随着时间的推移，他们会决定：“我想全天交易。” 全天不可能都是波段交易。在白天的大部分时间里，你可能会有2个小时的这种行情，你可以说：“好吧，我们从这里开始仍然处于波段空头，止损设在上方”，或者你可以说：“我只会在上方卖出，在下方买入，在上方卖出，卖出更多，在下方买入，在下方买入，在下方买入。” 你只需持续剥头皮，加仓，并在整个混乱的行情中交易，而不是仅仅说：“嘿，我在34号K线的收盘价做空。我把止损设在了这里，我会在这里出局——你知道我的意思，三四个点。” 这两种交易方式都是可接受的，但我几乎在每一根K线上都能看到交易机会。所以我的选择是，要么坚持波段交易，要么全天持续操作，说实话，如果我只做几笔波段交易并持仓不动，我可能赚得一样多。但我喜欢更活跃的感觉，而且我个人更喜欢更高的胜率——我不喜欢大的回撤。
So, for me, I always try to take one trade four points — [with] the market big like this, 5 points, 10 points — I always try to take at least one of those a day. But I could call it quits at that point and say, “Okay, I made a good profit and I can just sit back the rest of the day” or I can say, “Oh, I can buy this and buy more lower. I can sell that and sell more higher,” and just accumulate all the little pieces, all those little bags of gold all day long, which is what I do. But when a person’s starting out, they will lose money for sure, and fast, if they start scalping and scaling in. It’s a sure way to lose money. Instead, they should just look for situations where a breakout has a reasonable chance of happening and enter on the Major Trend Reversal or the higher low, or whatever, buying above 7, or buying the 8 or 9 close, and then trying to get 4 points or 10 points out of it. Or selling the 34 close, or even the 35 close stop up here and trying to get 4 points, 5 points, 10 points out of it, and not worry about all the little swing trades. But once you start to get good and a lot of experience and consistently making money, you’ll probably start to get out of swings quicker and break the swing into pieces. So, instead of buying the 4 high and exiting below 29, you might buy the 4 high, get out over here at the moving average, and then scale in with a long stop below here, buy more here, sell up here. You’ll start to look for other things to do, and you’ll end up dividing a swing trade into a lot of little pieces, and little pieces add up to about the same as a swing trade — they can add up to more — and the probability is higher.
所以，对我来说，我总是尝试每笔交易赚取4个点——在市场波动较大的情况下，比如5个点、10个点——我总是尝试每天至少完成其中一笔。但我可以在那时收手，说：“好了，我已经赚了不少利润，可以坐下来休息一整天了”，或者我可以说：“哦，我可以买入，并在更低的位置加仓。我可以卖出，并在更高的位置加仓”，然后整天积累这些小额利润，就像收集一袋袋黄金一样，这就是我所做的。但对于一个新手来说，如果他们开始做短线交易和加仓，肯定会很快亏损。这是一种必然亏损的方法。相反，他们应该寻找那些有合理突破机会的情况，并在主要趋势反转或更高的低点等位置入场，比如在7以上买入，或买入8或9号K线的收盘价，然后尝试从中获得4个点或10个点的利润。或者卖出34号K线的收盘价，甚至将止损设置在35号K线收盘价上方，并尝试从中获得4个点、5个点或10个点的利润，而不必担心所有的小波段交易。但一旦你变得熟练，积累了很多经验，并持续盈利，你可能会开始更快地退出波段交易，并将波段交易分解成多个部分。所以，而不是买入4号K线的高点并在29号K线下方退出，你可能会买入4号K线的高点，在移动均线处退出，然后在下方设置长止损加仓，在这里买入更多，在这里卖出。你会开始寻找其他事情去做，最终将一个波段交易分解成许多小部分，这些小部分加起来与一个波段交易差不多——甚至可能更多——而且概率更高。
There are a lot of traders out there who win 90 percent of their trades . When they tell you that, they’re telling you that most of their trades are for 1, 2, or 3 points. However, if you’re winning 90 percent of your trades and consistently making 1, 2, or 3 points on those trades and then an occasional trade with 5 or 10 points, I think you’re doing really, really well. But there are other traders who simply look for one or two swing trades a day and take those And they say, “That’s fine. I’m comfortable, I’m happy, and I’m getting rich. That’s all I need.” I don’t have a problem doing it either way, but I think when you’re starting out you should be looking for one or two swing trades a day.
有很多交易者，他们的交易胜率高达90%。当他们告诉你这个数字时，他们实际上是在说，他们的大部分交易只赚取1、2或3个点。然而，如果你在90%的交易中都能盈利，并且在这部分交易中持续获得1、2或3个点的利润，偶尔还能获得5或10个点的利润，我认为你做得非常好。但还有一些交易者，他们每天只寻找一两笔波段交易，并完成这些交易。他们说：“这就够了。我很满足，我很开心，我在变富。这就是我需要的。”我对这两种方法都没有意见，但我认为，当你刚开始时，应该每天寻找一两笔波段交易。
My minimum definition of a swing trade in the Emini is 4 points, so traders starting out — they should just, every day, look for at least one 4-point trade. So you buy above 7, put a stop below 7, put a limit order to make a 4-point profit, and then come back in an hour. Or you sell the 33 or 34 close, put a stop above 32 or 31 or 37, put a limit order to buy back 4 points later, and go to the grocery store. I’m not being a wise guy when I say that. I had a friend — I traded with him online every day for years — that’s exactly what he did. He would wait for a swing trade in the first hour or two, put it on, and then say, “Al, I’m going to the doctor’s office,” or “I’m going to grocery store” or “I’m going in the lake with a canoe and I’ll come back in a couple of hours,” and then he’d come back and he’d say, “Oh Al, it looks like I made 4 points” or “I made 10 points” or whatever. That sounds crazy and it sounds unreal, but it’s very real. It is an okay thing to do.
在迷你标普（Emini）中，我对波段交易的最低定义是 4 点，所以刚起步的交易者——他们应该每天至少寻找一次 4 点的交易。也就是说，你可以在 7 以上买入，在 7 以下设置止损，设置一个限价单以赚取 4 点利润，然后一小时后回来。或者你在 33 或 34 收盘价卖出，在 32、31 或 37 以上设置止损，设置一个限价单以后来买回赚取 4 点，然后去买杂货。我说这话不是在耍聪明。我有个朋友，我多年每天在线与他一起交易——他正是这么做的。他会等待开盘后第一或两个小时内出现的波段交易，建立头寸后就说：“Al，我要去看医生了，”或者“我要去买杂货，”或者“我要带着独木舟去湖里，几个小时后回来。”然后他回来时会说：“哦 Al，看来我赚了 4 点，”或者“我赚了 10 点”，或者其他什么。这听起来疯狂且不切实际，但却是真实存在的。这样做是可以接受的。
Starting out? Focus on a swing or two each day
刚开始？每天专注于一两个波段就好。
So, if you’re starting out, that should be your focus, looking for a swing trade sometime in the first hour or two that’s good for 4 points or more And just — every day — practice trying to take that trade. That should be your focus every day, trying to get that swing in the first hour, and not be too impatient. So if you’re selling, it’s probably not going to be a good short below 4, below 3, a bull bar, or below 9 or below 11. Yet, the bulls had good bull signal bars, 1, 5, and 7. So if we’re going to have a 4-point swing up or down in the first hour, what do you think it’s going to be, up or down? It’s probably going to be up.
如果你是刚起步，这应该是你的重点：在开盘后的一或两个小时里寻找至少能赚取 4 点或更多的波段交易，并且——每天——练习尝试进入该交易。这应该是你每天的重点：试图在开盘后第一个小时内捕捉到该波段，同时不要太急躁。因此，如果你是卖方（做空），在 4 下方、3 下方、出现阳线或 9 下方、11 下方做空大概率不是个好选择。然而，多头在 1 号、5 号和 7 号K线上出现了良好的多头信号K线。如果我们预计在开盘后第一小时内会出现一个向上或向下的 4 点波段，你认为是上涨还是下跌？很可能是上涨。
You can say, “Well, Al, 6 is a bear bar closing on its low” and it is – I think we’re still Always In Long — and then we reversed it on bar 7. So to me, I’m looking for a stop entry, buy above a good-looking bull bar or a decent-looking bull bar. I’m also willing to sell if I get a decent-looking bear bar. But on a swing; I’m looking for a good-looking signal bar in a good-looking context, and place the orders. And if you cannot sit there and stop yourself from exiting with a 1-point profit or with a 6-tick loss when the market goes against you, go out and take that walk and come back.
你可以说：「嗯，Al，6号K线是阴线，收盘价在低点附近」，确实如此——我认为我们仍然处于「始终持多」状态——然后在7号K线时我们反转了。所以对我来说，我在寻找一个止损入场机会，在形态良好的阳线或还不错的阳线上方买入。如果出现形态良好的阴线，我也愿意卖出。但在波段交易中，我寻找的是形态良好且背景良好的信号K线，然后下单。如果你无法坐在那里，阻止自己因为市场不利而以1点利润或6个点亏损离场，那就出去散散步，然后再回来。
But you look at the chart — just scroll back at the chart. Every day, you’ll see that 90 percent of the days have a reasonable swing trade in the first hour or two, and it’s fairly easy to spot. But it’s also fairly easy to deny. Very often, when they set up, it’s easy to say, “Well, it does not look quite good enough and maybe I’ll wait for another one.” And it’s okay to wait for the breakout, but it’s also okay to take the setup that looks reasonably good in the context that’s reasonably good. You have a reasonably good shot at making your 4 points and it is usually better just to go ahead and take the trade.
但你看看图表——往回翻看图表。你会发现，90% 的交易日都在开盘后的第一或第二个小时内出现合理的波段交易机会，而且这些机会相对容易识别。但同时，也相对容易被忽视。当机会出现时，你往往会想：“嗯，这看起来不太好，也许我应该再等一个机会。” 等待突破是可以的，但如果在合理的背景下出现一个看起来相当不错的交易机会，抓住它也是可以的。你有相当大的机会获得 4 个点的收益，通常情况下，直接入场交易会更好。
Al Brooks
阿尔·布鲁克斯
Information on Al’s Online day trading room
关于阿尔的在线日间交易室的信息